Next, you will need to identify terminology that captures the question you are trying to answer. One of the benefits of thoughtful question development is that the search for evidence is easier. A formula to help guide this process is called PICO:

• What are the most important characteristics of the patient?
• How would you describe a group of patients similar to yours?
• What is the disorder and condition of interest?

• Which intervention, prognostic factor, diagnostic tool, or exposure are you considering?

• What alternative do you want to compare with the intervention?

• What outcome you hope to accomplish or measure?

Scenario: A woman reports she experiences episodes of clammy hands, excessive sweating, and rapid heartbeat. You have determined that your patient is experiencing Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) as a result of the life-threatening car accident she experienced six months ago. You suggest she try psychotherapy first. Before making a referral you want to know whether or not psychotherapy provides greater benefit for treating PTSD than drug therapy or no treatment.